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On the history of Hilbert’s twelfth problem: a comedy of errors. (English) Zbl 1044.01530
Material on the history of mathematics in the 20th century. Proceedings of the colloquium to the memory of Jean Dieudonné, Nice, France, January 1996. Marseille: Société Mathématique de France (ISBN 2-85629-065-5/pbk). Sémin. Congr. 3, 243-273 (1998).
Summary: Hilbert’s 12th problem conjectures that one might be able to generate all abelian extensions of a given algebraic number field in a way that would generalize the so-called theorem of Kronecker and Weber (all abelian extensions of $ℚ$ can be generated by roots of unity) and the extensions of imaginary quadratic fields (which may be generated from values of modular and elliptic functions related to elliptic curves with complex multiplication). The first part of the lecture is devoted to the fake conjecture that Hilbert made for imaginary quadratic fields. This is discussed both from a historical point of view (in that Hilbert’s authority prevented this error from being corrected for 14 years) and in mathematical terms, analyzing the algebro-geometric interpretations of the different statements and their respective traditions. After this, higher-dimensional analogues are discussed. Recent developments in this field (motives, etc., also Heegner points) are mentioned at the end.

##### MSC:
 01A60 Mathematics in the 20th century 11-03 Historical (number theory) 11G15 Complex multiplication and moduli of abelian varieties 11R37 Class field theory for global fields