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On the security of HMAC and NMAC based on HAVAL, MD4, MD5, SHA-0 and SHA-1. (Extended abstract). (English) Zbl 1152.94428

De Prisco, Roberto (ed.) et al., Security and cryptography for networks. 5th international conference, SCN 2006, Maiori, Italy, September 6–8, 2006. Proceedings. Berlin: Springer (ISBN 978-3-540-38080-1/pbk). Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4116, 242-256 (2006).
Summary: HMAC is a widely used message authentication code and a pseudorandom function generator based on cryptographic hash functions such as MD5 and SHA-1. It has been standardized by ANSI, IETF, ISO and NIST. HMAC is proved to be secure as long as the compression function of the underlying hash function is a pseudorandom function. In this paper we devise two new distinguishers of the structure of HMAC, called differential and rectangle distinguishers, and use them to discuss the security of HMAC based on HAVAL, MD4, MD5, SHA-0 and SHA-1. We show how to distinguish HMAC with reduced or full versions of these cryptographic hash functions from a random function or from HMAC with a random function. We also show how to use our differential distinguisher to devise a forgery attack on HMAC. Our distinguishing and forgery attacks can also be mounted on NMAC based on HAVAL, MD4, MD5, SHA-0 and SHA-1.
For the entire collection see [Zbl 1146.68007].

MSC:

94A60 Cryptography
94A62 Authentication, digital signatures and secret sharing

Software:

HAVAL
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