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Accuracy analysis of explicit Runge-Kutta methods applied to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. (English) Zbl 1402.65116

Summary: This paper investigates the temporal accuracy of the velocity and pressure when explicit Runge-Kutta methods are applied to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. It is shown that, at least up to and including fourth order, the velocity attains the classical order of accuracy without further constraints. However, in case of a time-dependent gradient operator, which can appear in case of time-varying meshes, additional order conditions need to be satisfied to ensure the correct order of accuracy. Furthermore, the pressure is only first-order accurate unless additional order conditions are satisfied. Two new methods that lead to a second-order accurate pressure are proposed, which are applicable to a certain class of three- and four-stage methods. A special case appears when the boundary conditions for the continuity equation are independent of time, since in that case the pressure can be computed to the same accuracy as the velocity field, without additional cost. Relevant computations of decaying vortices and of an actuator disk in a time-dependent inflow support the analysis and the proposed methods.

MSC:

65M60 Finite element, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs
65L06 Multistep, Runge-Kutta and extrapolation methods for ordinary differential equations
76D05 Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible viscous fluids
76M10 Finite element methods applied to problems in fluid mechanics

Software:

rktree; RODAS
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References:

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