## Large deviations and the Malliavin calculus.(English)Zbl 0537.35003

Progress in Mathematics, Vol. 45. Boston - Basel - Stuttgart: Birkhäuser. VIII, 216 p. DM 59.00 (1984).
This book uses the so-called Malliavin calculus and large deviation techniques to study the asymptotics as $$t\downarrow \downarrow 0$$ of the conditional probabilities of bridges associated with certain hypoelliptic diffusions. In particular, stochatic differential equations of the form $$dx=\sum^{m}_{i=1}X_ i(x)\quad dw^ i;\quad x(0)=x_ 0$$ are studied, where $$X_ 1,...,X_ m$$ are smooth vector fields as on a manifold M. Let be $$x_ s=\psi_ s(w)$$. Associated to the latter differential equation is the second order operator $$L=1/2\sum^{m}_{i=1}X^ 2_ i$$. The law of $$\psi_ 1(w)$$ is given by the kernel $$e^ L(x_ 0,.)$$. Under certain standard assumptions of Hörmander, one considers the asymptotics of the law $$p_ t(x)$$ of $$\psi_ 1(\sqrt{t}dw)$$ as $$t\downarrow \downarrow 0.$$
In the elliptic case, rather complete results are obtained. In case ”hypoelliptic” is substituted for ”elliptic”, some basic machinery is developed and some conjectures are formulated. The special case of the Hessenberg group is considered in some detail.
The book assumes a fair amount of sophistication on the part of the reader - some background in probability, Riemannian geometry, and the basic language of differential equations is advised. However the author is fairly kind to his readers. He works out special cases, writes out most details, and gives copious references. The author is able to keep his book fairly brief and yet provide an introduction to an active area of research.
Reviewer: S.G.Krantz

### MSC:

 35-02 Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to partial differential equations 35B40 Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs 65H10 Numerical computation of solutions to systems of equations 58J65 Diffusion processes and stochastic analysis on manifolds 60G15 Gaussian processes 60H10 Stochastic ordinary differential equations (aspects of stochastic analysis) 60J60 Diffusion processes