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Convergence of solutions of H-systems or how to blow bubbles. (English) Zbl 0584.49024
The authors study the dependence of parametric surfaces of constant mean curvature on the boundary curve when the boundary curve degenerates to one point. They look at the normalized situation where the surface $$u=(u_ 1,u_ 2,u_ 3)$$, $$u=u(x,y)$$ is parametrized on the unit disk B in $${\mathbb{R}}^ 2$$ and possesses mean curvature 1. The surface is given in conformal parameters and the boundary condition is of Plateau type, i.e. u maps $$\partial B$$ onto some Jordan curve $$\Gamma$$ in $${\mathbb{R}}^ 3$$. Now let $$\Gamma_ n$$ be a sequence of Jordan curves with $$\Gamma_ n\to 0$$ (n$$\to \infty)$$ and let $$u^ n$$ be surfaces as above, bounded by $$\Gamma_ n$$, with uniformly bounded area. Then it is proved that a subsequence of $$u_ n$$ converges to 0 or to a finite union of spheres of radius one. If one takes as $$u^ n$$ large solutions of the problem then a subsequence converges to a single sphere of radius one containing 0.
The proofs rely on a blow up argument which leads to the system $$\Delta w=2w_ x\bigwedge w_ y$$ on $${\mathbb{R}}^ 2$$ with finite Dirichlet integral. A careful analysis shows that w is the stereographic projection of a rational function on $${\mathbb{C}}$$. Dirichlet’s integral is in $$8\pi {\mathbb{Z}}^+.$$
The main result is that any sequence of solutions of the Dirichlet problem $$\Delta u^ n=2u^ n_ x\bigwedge u^ n_ y$$ on B, $$u^ n=\gamma^ n$$ on $$\partial B$$ with $$\gamma^ n\to 0$$ (n$$\to \infty)$$, bounded in $$H^{1,2}(B,{\mathbb{R}}^ 3)$$ after a blow up essentially behaves like a finite superposition of solutions w as above.
Reviewer: G.Dziuk

##### MSC:
 49Q05 Minimal surfaces and optimization 35J60 Nonlinear elliptic equations 53A10 Minimal surfaces in differential geometry, surfaces with prescribed mean curvature
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