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Characterization of compact subsets of fuzzy sets. (English) Zbl 0661.54011

Many applications of fuzzy sets restrict attention to the convenient metric space (\({\mathcal E}^ n,D)\) of normal, fuzzy convex sets on the base space \({\mathbb{R}}^ n\), with D the supremum over the Hausdorff distances between corresponding level sets. We mention in particular the fuzzy random variables of M. L. Puri and D. A. Ralescu [Ann. Probab. 13, 1373-1379 (1985; Zbl 0583.60011)], the fuzzy differential equations of O. Kaleva [Fuzzy Sets Syst. 24, 301-317 (1987; Zbl 0646.34019)], the fuzzy dynamical systems of the second author [Fuzzy Sets Syst. 7, 275-296 (1982; Zbl 0509.54040)] and the chaotic iterations of fuzzy sets of Diamond and Kloeden. In these papers specific results are often obtained for compact subsets of \({\mathcal E}^ n\), which raises the question of how to characterize such compact subsets. The purpose of this is to present a convenient characterization of compact subsets of the metric space (\({\mathcal E}^ n,D)\). Our main result is that a closed subset of \({\mathcal E}^ n\) is compact if and only if the support sets are uniformly bounded in \({\mathbb{R}}^ n\) and the support functions of Puri and Ralescu are equileftcontinuous in the membership grade variable \(\alpha\) uniformly on the unit sphere \(S^{n-1}\) of \({\mathbb{R}}^ n\). To this end we note that the support functions provides a means of embedding all of the space \({\mathcal E}^ n\) in a Banach space, which we exhibit explicitly, not just the subspace \({\mathcal E}^ n_{Lip}\) of ‘Lipschitzian’ fuzzy sets considered by Puri and Ralescu.

MSC:

54A40 Fuzzy topology
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References:

[1] P. Diamond, Fuzzy chaos, J. Math. Anal. Appl.; P. Diamond, Fuzzy chaos, J. Math. Anal. Appl. · Zbl 0921.93026
[2] Graves, L. M., The Theory of Functions of Real Variables (1946), McGraw-Hill: McGraw-Hill New York · Zbl 0063.01720
[3] Kaleva, O., On the convergence of fuzzy sets, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 17, 54-65 (1985) · Zbl 0584.54004
[4] O. Kaleva, The Cauchy problem for fuzzy differential equations, Preprint.; O. Kaleva, The Cauchy problem for fuzzy differential equations, Preprint. · Zbl 0696.34005
[5] Kloeden, P. E., Fuzzy dynamical systems, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 7, 275-296 (1982) · Zbl 0509.54040
[6] Kloeden, P. E., Chaotic mappings on fuzzy sets, (Second International Congress of the International Fuzzy System Association. Second International Congress of the International Fuzzy System Association, Tokyo (July 1987)), Preprint · Zbl 0746.54010
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[8] Puri, M. L.; Ralescu, D. A., The concept of normality for fuzzy random variables, Ann. Probub., 13, 1373-1379 (1985) · Zbl 0583.60011
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