Bellare, Mihir; Rogaway, Phillip The security of triple encryption and a framework for code-based game-playing proofs. (English) Zbl 1140.94321 Vaudenay, Serge (ed.), Advances in cryptology – EUROCRYPT 2006. 25th annual international conference on the theory and applications of cryptographic techniques, St. Petersburg, Russia, May 28 – June 1, 2006. Proceedings. Berlin: Springer (ISBN 3-540-34546-9/pbk). Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4004, 409-426 (2006). Summary: We show that, in the ideal-cipher model, triple encryption (the cascade of three independently-keyed blockciphers) is more secure than single or double encryption, thereby resolving a long-standing open problem. Our result demonstrates that for DES parameters (56-bit keys and 64-bit plaintexts) an adversary’s maximal advantage against triple encryption is small until it asks about \(2^{78}\) queries. Our proof uses code-based game-playing in an integral way, and is facilitated by a framework for such proofs that we provide.For the entire collection see [Zbl 1108.94002]. Cited in 149 Documents MSC: 94A60 Cryptography PDF BibTeX XML Cite \textit{M. Bellare} and \textit{P. Rogaway}, Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 4004, 409--426 (2006; Zbl 1140.94321) Full Text: DOI References: [1] Aiello, W., Bellare, M., Di Crescenzo, G., Venkatesan, R.: Security amplification by composition: The case of doubly-iterated, ideal ciphers. In: Krawczyk, H. (ed.) CRYPTO 1998. LNCS, vol. 1462, pp. 390–407. Springer, Heidelberg (1998) · Zbl 0931.94011 [2] Bellare, M., Goldwasser, S.: New paradigms for digital signatures and message authentication based on non-interactive zero knowledge proofs. In: Brassard, G. (ed.) CRYPTO 1989. LNCS, vol. 435, pp. 194–211. Springer, Heidelberg (1990) · Zbl 0722.68042 [3] Bellare, M., Rogaway, P.: Code-based game-playing proofs and the security of triple encryption. Cryptology ePrint archive report 2004/331 (2006) [4] Diffie, W., Hellman, M.: Exhaustive cryptanalysis of the data encryption standard. Computer 10, 74–84 (1977) · Zbl 05332334 [5] Even, S., Goldreich, O.: On the power of cascade ciphers. ACM Transactions on Computer Systems 3(2), 108–116 (1985) [6] Even, S., Mansour, Y.: A construction of a cipher from a single pseudorandom permutation. In: Matsumoto, T., Imai, H., Rivest, R.L. (eds.) ASIACRYPT 1991. LNCS, vol. 739, pp. 210–224. Springer, Heidelberg (1993) · Zbl 0808.94024 [7] Goldwasser, S., Micali, S.: Probabilistic encryption. J. Comput. Syst. Sci. 28(2), 270–299 (1984) (earlier version in STOC 1982) · Zbl 0563.94013 [8] Halevi, S.: A plausible approach to computer-aided cryptographic proofs. Cryptology ePrint archive report 2005/181 (2005) [9] Kilian, J., Rogaway, P.: How to protect DES against exhaustive key search (an analysis of DESX). J. of Cryptology 14(1), 17–35 (2001) (earlier version in Crypto 1996) · Zbl 1068.94531 [10] Lucks, S.: Attacking triple encryption. In: Vaudenay, S. (ed.) FSE 1998. LNCS, vol. 1372, pp. 239–253. Springer, Heidelberg (1998) · Zbl 1385.94056 [11] Maurer, U., Massey, J.: Cascade ciphers: The importance of being first. J. of Cryptology 6(1), 55–61 (1993) · Zbl 0775.94096 [12] Merkle, R., Hellman, M.: On the security of multiple encryption. Communications of the ACM 24, 465–467 (1981) [13] National Institute of Standards and Technology. FIPS PUB 46-3, Data Encryption Standard (DES), Also ANSI X9.52, Triple Data Encryption Algorithm modes of operation, 1998, and other standards (1999) [14] Shannon, C.: Communication theory of secrecy systems. Bell Systems Technical Journal 28(4), 656–715 (1949) · Zbl 1200.94005 [15] Shoup, V.: Sequences of games: A tool for taming complexity in security proofs. Cryptology ePrint archive report 2004/332 (2006) [16] Yao, A.: Theory and applications of trapdoor functions. In: IEEE Symposium on the Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS 1982), pp. 80–91. IEEE Press, Los Alamitos (1982) This reference list is based on information provided by the publisher or from digital mathematics libraries. Its items are heuristically matched to zbMATH identifiers and may contain data conversion errors. It attempts to reflect the references listed in the original paper as accurately as possible without claiming the completeness or perfect precision of the matching.