Parast, Layla; Cai, Tianxi; Tian, Lu Using a surrogate marker for early testing of a treatment effect. (English) Zbl 1448.62183 Biometrics 75, No. 4, 1253-1263 (2019). Summary: The development of methods to identify, validate, and use surrogate markers to test for a treatment effect has been an area of intense research interest given the potential for valid surrogate markers to reduce the required costs and follow-up times of future studies. Several quantities and procedures have been proposed to assess the utility of a surrogate marker. However, few methods have been proposed to address how one might use the surrogate marker information to test for a treatment effect at an earlier time point, especially in settings where the primary outcome and the surrogate marker are subject to censoring. In this paper, we propose a novel test statistic to test for a treatment effect using surrogate marker information measured prior to the end of the study in a time-to-event outcome setting. We propose a robust nonparametric estimation procedure and propose inference procedures. In addition, we evaluate the power for the design of a future study based on surrogate marker information. We illustrate the proposed procedure and relative power of the proposed test compared to a test performed at the end of the study using simulation studies and an application to data from the Diabetes Prevention Program. Cited in 1 Document MSC: 62P10 Applications of statistics to biology and medical sciences; meta analysis 62N05 Reliability and life testing 62G10 Nonparametric hypothesis testing Keywords:kernel smoothing; nonparametric method; resampling; surrogate; survival analysis; testing PDFBibTeX XMLCite \textit{L. Parast} et al., Biometrics 75, No. 4, 1253--1263 (2019; Zbl 1448.62183) Full Text: DOI Link