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Beyond good partition shapes: an analysis of diffusive graph partitioning. (English) Zbl 1257.05131
Summary: In this paper we study the prevalent problem of graph partitioning by analyzing the diffusion-based partitioning heuristic Bubble-FOS/C, a key component of a practical successful graph partitioner [H. Meyerhenke, B. Monien and T. Sauerwald, J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. 69, No. 9, 750–761 (2009)].
We begin by studying the disturbed diffusion scheme FOS/C, which computes the similarity measure used in Bubble-FOS/C and is therefore the most crucial component. By relating FOS/C to random walks, we obtain precise characterizations of the behavior of FOS/C on tori and hypercubes. Besides leading to new knowledge on FOS/C (and therefore also on Bubble-FOS/C), these characterizations have been recently used for the analysis of load balancing algorithms [P. Berenbrink et al., in: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, 429–439 (2011)].
We then regard Bubble-FOS/C, which has been shown in previous experiments to produce solutions with good partition shapes and other favorable properties. In this paper we prove that it computes a relaxed solution to an edge cut minimizing binary quadratic program (BQP). This result provides the first substantial theoretical insight why Bubble-FOS/C yields good experimental results in terms of graph partitioning metrics. Moreover, we show that in bisections computed by Bubble-FOS/C, at least one of the two parts is connected. Using the aforementioned relation between FOS/C and random walks, we prove that in vertex-transitive graphs both parts must be connected components.
##### MSC:
 05C70 Edge subsets with special properties (factorization, matching, partitioning, covering and packing, etc.) 05C81 Random walks on graphs 05C90 Applications of graph theory 05C85 Graph algorithms (graph-theoretic aspects) 68R10 Graph theory (including graph drawing) in computer science
##### Software:
Bubble-FOS/C; DibaP; FOS/C; PT-Scotch
Full Text:
##### References:
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