Combination of electroweak and QCD corrections to single \(W\) production at the fermilab tevatron and the CERN LHC. (English) Zbl 1269.81184

Balossini, Giovanni; Montagna, Guido; Carloni Calame, Carlo Michel; Moretti, Mauro; Nicrosini, Oreste; Piccinini, Fulvio; Treccani, Michele; Vicini, Alessandro

J. High Energy Phys. 2010, No. 1, Paper No. 013, 49 p. (2010).

Summary: Precision studies of the production of a high-transverse momentum lepton in association with missing energy at hadron colliders require that electroweak and QCD higher-order contributions are simultaneously taken into account in theoretical predictions and data analysis. Here we present a detailed phenomenological study of the impact of electroweak and strong contributions, as well as of their combination, to all the observables relevant for the various facets of the \(p\overset{(-)} {p} \mathbf{ {lepton}} + X \) physics programme at hadron colliders, including luminosity monitoring and Parton Distribution Functions constraint, \(W\) precision physics and search for new physics signals. We provide a theoretical recipe to carefully combine electroweak and strong corrections, that are mandatory in view of the challenging experimental accuracy already reached at the Fermilab Tevatron and aimed at the CERN LHC, and discuss the uncertainty inherent the combination. We conclude that the theoretical accuracy of our calculation can be conservatively estimated to be about 2% for standard event selections at the Tevatron and the LHC, and about 5% in the very high \(W\) transverse mass/lepton transverse momentum tails. We also provide arguments for a more aggressive error estimate (about 1% and 3%, respectively) and conclude that in order to attain a one per cent accuracy: 1) exact mixed \( \mathcal{O}\left( {\alpha {\alpha_s}} \right) \) corrections should be computed in addition to the already available NNLO QCD contributions and two-loop electroweak Sudakov logarithms; 2) QCD and electroweak corrections should be coherently included into a single event generator.

MSC:

81V05	Strong interaction, including quantum chromodynamics
81V35	Nuclear physics
81V22	Unified quantum theories
81U35	Inelastic and multichannel quantum scattering

Keywords:

hadronic colliders; QCD; standard model

Software:

HELAC; ALPGEN; MC@NLO; APACIC++; PYTHIA8; MadEvent; SHERPA; MadGraph; PHEGAS; WINHAC; Herwig++; PHOTOS

References:

[1]	Denegri, D., The discovery of the \(W\) and \(Z\), Phys. Rept., 403, 107, (2004)
[2]	CDF collaboration; Abazov, VM; etal., Combination of CDF and DO results on \(W\) boson mass and width, Phys. Rev., D 70, 092008, (2004)
[3]	CDF collaboration, Combination of CDF and D0 results on the W boson mass and width, arXiv:0808.0147 [SPIRES].
[4]	CDF collaboration; Aaltonen, T.; etal., First run II measurement of the \(W\) boson mass, Phys. Rev., D 77, 112001, (2008)
[5]	CDF collaboration; Acosta, DE; etal., Measurement of the forward-backward charge asymmetry of electron positron pairs in \( p\bar p \) collisions at \( \sqrt s = 1.96\;TeV \), Phys. Rev., D 71, 052002, (2005)
[6]	CDF collaboration; Acosta, DE; etal., Measurement of the forward-backward charge asymmetry from \(W\) → eν production in \( p\bar p \) collisions at \( \sqrt s = 1.96\;TeV \), Phys. Rev., D 71, 051104, (2005)
[7]	U. Baur, Electroweak physics at the Tevatron and LHC: Theoretical status and perspectives, hep-ph/0511064 [SPIRES].
[8]	D. Wackeroth, Electroweak physics: Theoretical overview, hep-ph/0610058 [SPIRES].
[9]	S. Haywood et al., Electroweak physics, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Standard Model Physics (and more) at the LHC, G. Altarelli and M.L. Mangano eds., pg. 117 hep-ph/0003275 [SPIRES].
[10]	Giele, WT; Keller, S., Determination of \(W\) boson properties at hadron colliders, Phys. Rev., D 57, 4433, (1998)
[11]	Büge, V.; Jung, Ch; Quast, G.; Ghezzi, A.; Malberti, M.; Tabarelli de Fatis, T., Prospects for the precision measurement of the \(W\) mass with the CMS detector at the LHC, J. Phys., G 34, 193, (2007)
[12]	ATLAS collaboration; Besson, N.; Boonekamp, M.; Klinkby, E.; Petersen, T.; Mehlhase, S., Re-evaluation of the LHC potential for the measurement of mw, Eur. Phys. J., C 57, 627, (2008)
[13]	Froidevaux, D.; Mitsou, VA, Experimental prospects at the large hadron collider, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 171, 012021, (2009)
[14]	Dittmar, M.; Pauss, F.; Zurcher, D., Towards a precise parton luminosity determination at the CERN LHC, Phys. Rev., D 56, 7284, (1997)
[15]	Khoze, VA; Martin, AD; Orava, R.; Ryskin, MG, Luminosity monitors at the LHC, Eur. Phys. J., C 19, 313, (2001)
[16]	W.T. Giele and S.A. Keller, Hard scattering based luminosity measurement at hadron colliders, hep-ph/0104053 [SPIRES].
[17]	Polesello, G.; Prata, M., Prospects for observing the Kaluza-Klein excitations of the W boson in the ATLAS detector at the LHC, Eur. Phys. J., C 32S2, 55, (2003)
[18]	C. Buttar et al., Standard model handles and candles working group: tools and jets summary report, arXiv:0803.0678 [SPIRES].
[19]	Adam, NE; Halyo, V.; Yost, SA; Zhu, W., Evaluation of the theoretical uncertainties in the \(W\) → ℓν cross sections at the LHC, JHEP, 09, 133, (2008)
[20]	Adam, NE; Halyo, V.; Yost, SA, Evaluation of the theoretical uncertainties in the \(Z\) → \(ℓ\)\^{}{+}\(ℓ\)\^{}{−} cross sections at the LHC, JHEP, 05, 062, (2008)
[21]	Balossini, G.; etal., Review of precision calculations for the measurement of electroweak boson production and properties at hadron colliders, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 110, 042002, (2008)
[22]	Balossini, G.; etal., Electroweak & QCD corrections to Drell-Yan processes, Acta Phys. Polon., B 39, 1675, (2008)
[23]	Balossini, G.; etal., Standard model precision tests at hadron colliders: theoretical control on Drell Yan processes, Acta Phys. Polon., B 38, 3407, (2007)
[24]	Wackeroth, D.; Hollik, W., Electroweak radiative corrections to resonant charged gauge boson production, Phys. Rev., D 55, 6788, (1997)
[25]	Baur, U.; Keller, S.; Wackeroth, D., Electroweak radiative corrections to \(W\) boson production in hadronic collisions, Phys. Rev., D 59, 013002, (1999)
[26]	Dittmaier, S.; Krämer, M., Electroweak radiative corrections to \(W\)-boson production at hadron colliders, Phys. Rev., D 65, 073007, (2002)
[27]	Baur, U.; Wackeroth, D., Electroweak radiative corrections to \( p\bar p → {W^± } → {ℓ^± }v \) beyond the pole approximation, Phys. Rev., D 70, 073015, (2004)
[28]	Zykunov, VA, Electroweak corrections to the observables of \(W\)-boson production at RHIC, Eur. Phys. J. direct, C 3, 9, (2001)
[29]	Zykunov, VA, Total calculation of electroweak corrections to the Drell- Yan process for LHC, Phys. Atom. Nucl., 71, 732, (2008)
[30]	Zykunov, VA, Radiative corrections to the Drell-Yan process at large dilepton invariant masses, Phys. Atom. Nucl., 69, 1522, (2006)
[31]	Arbuzov, A.; etal., One-loop corrections to the Drell-Yan process in SANC. I: the charged current case, Eur. Phys. J., C 46, 407, (2006)
[32]	Carloni Calame, CM; Montagna, G.; Nicrosini, O.; Vicini, A., Precision electroweak calculation of the charged current Drell-Yan process, JHEP, 12, 016, (2006)
[33]	Brensing, S.; Dittmaier, S.; Krämer, M.; Muck, A., Radiative corrections to \(W\)−boson hadroproduction: higher-order electroweak and supersymmetric effects, Phys. Rev., D 77, 073006, (2008)
[34]	C. Buttar et al., Les houches physics at TeV colliders 2005, standard model and Higgs working group: Summary report, hep-ph/0604120 [SPIRES].
[35]	TeV4LHC-Top and Electroweak Working Group collaboration, C.E. Gerber et al., Tevatron-for-LHC report: top and electroweak physics, arXiv:0705.3251 [SPIRES].
[36]	Carloni Calame, CM; Montagna, G.; Nicrosini, O.; Treccani, M., Higher-order QED corrections to \(W\)-boson mass determination at hadron colliders, Phys. Rev., D 69, 037301, (2004)
[37]	Carloni Calame, CM; Montagna, G.; Nicrosini, O.; Treccani, M., Multiple photon corrections to the neutral-current Drell- Yan process, JHEP, 05, 019, (2005)
[38]	Placzek, W.; Jadach, S., Multiphoton radiation in leptonic \(W\)-boson decays, Eur. Phys. J., C 29, 325, (2003)
[39]	Golonka, P.; Was, Z., PHOTOS Monte Carlo: A precision tool for QED corrections in \(Z\) and \(W\) decays, Eur. Phys. J., C 45, 97, (2006)
[40]	Hamilton, K.; Richardson, P., Simulation of QED radiation in particle decays using the YFS formalism, JHEP, 07, 010, (2006)
[41]	Carloni Calame, CM; Jadach, S.; Montagna, G.; Nicrosini, O.; Placzek, W., Comparisons of the Monte Carlo programs HORACE and WINHAC for single W-boson production at hadron colliders, Acta Phys. Polon., B 35, 1643, (2004)
[42]	Altarelli, G.; Ellis, RK; Martinelli, G., Large perturbative corrections to the Drell-Yan process in QCD, Nucl. Phys., B 157, 461, (1979)
[43]	Hamberg, R.; Neerven, WL; Matsuura, T., A complete calculation of the order \(α\)_{\(s\)}\^{}{2} correction to the Drell-Yan \(K\) factor, Nucl. Phys., B 359, 343, (1991)
[44]	Campbell, JM; Ellis, RK, Next-to-leading order corrections to \(W\) + 2 jet and \(Z\) + 2 jet production at hadron colliders, Phys. Rev., D 65, 113007, (2002)
[45]	Campbell, JM; Ellis, RK, Radiative corrections to \( Zb\bar b \) production, Phys. Rev., D 62, 114012, (2000)
[46]	Campbell, JM; Ellis, RK, An update on vector boson pair production at hadron colliders, Phys. Rev., D 60, 113006, (1999)
[47]	Anastasiou, C.; Dixon, LJ; Melnikov, K.; Petriello, F., Dilepton rapidity distribution in the Drell-Yan process at NNLO in QCD, Phys. Rev. Lett., 91, 182002, (2003)
[48]	Anastasiou, C.; Dixon, LJ; Melnikov, K.; Petriello, F., High precision QCD at hadron colliders: electroweak gauge boson rapidity distributions at NNLO, Phys. Rev., D 69, 094008, (2004)
[49]	Melnikov, K.; Petriello, F., The \(W\) boson production cross section at the LHC through \(O\)(\(α\)_{\(s\)}\^{}{2}), Phys. Rev. Lett., 96, 231803, (2006)
[50]	Melnikov, K.; Petriello, F., Electroweak gauge boson production at hadron colliders through \(O\)(\(α\)_{\(s\)}\^{}{2}), Phys. Rev., D 74, 114017, (2006)
[51]	Catani, S.; Cieri, L.; Ferrera, G.; Florian, D.; Grazzini, M., Vector boson production at hadron colliders: a fully exclusive QCD calculation at NNLO, Phys. Rev. Lett., 103, 082001, (2009)
[52]	Balázs, C.; Yuan, CP, Soft gluon effects on lepton pairs at hadron colliders, Phys. Rev., D 56, 5558, (1997)
[53]	Landry, F.; Brock, R.; Nadolsky, PM; Yuan, CP, Tevatron run-1 \(Z\) boson data and collins-soper-sterman resummation formalism, Phys. Rev., D 67, 073016, (2003)
[54]	Frixione, S.; Webber, BR, Matching NLO QCD computations and parton shower simulations, JHEP, 06, 029, (2002)
[55]	Nason, P., A new method for combining NLO QCD with shower Monte Carlo algorithms, JHEP, 11, 040, (2004)
[56]	Frixione, S.; Nason, P.; Oleari, C., Matching NLO QCD computations with parton shower simulations: the POWHEG method, JHEP, 11, 070, (2007)
[57]	Alioli, S.; Nason, P.; Oleari, C.; Re, E., NLO vector-boson production matched with shower in POWHEG, JHEP, 07, 060, (2008)
[58]	Mangano, ML; Moretti, M.; Piccinini, F.; Pittau, R.; Polosa, AD, ALPGEN, a generator for hard multiparton processes in hadronic collisions, JHEP, 07, 001, (2003)
[59]	Schalicke, A.; Krauss, F., Implementing the ME+PS merging algorithm, JHEP, 07, 018, (2005)
[60]	Gleisberg, T.; etal., SHERPA 1.\(α\), a proof-of-concept version, JHEP, 02, 056, (2004)
[61]	Gleisberg, T.; etal., Event generation with SHERPA 1.1, JHEP, 02, 007, (2009)
[62]	Stelzer, T.; Long, WF, Automatic generation of tree level helicity amplitudes, Comput. Phys. Commun., 81, 357, (1994)
[63]	Maltoni, F.; Stelzer, T., Madevent: automatic event generation with madgraph, JHEP, 02, 027, (2003)
[64]	Alwall, J.; etal., Madgraph/madevent v4: the new web generation, JHEP, 09, 028, (2007)
[65]	Kanaki, A.; Papadopoulos, CG, HELAC: A package to compute electroweak helicity amplitudes, Comput. Phys. Commun., 132, 306, (2000)
[66]	Cafarella, A.; Papadopoulos, CG; Worek, M., Helac-phegas: a generator for all parton level processes, Comput. Phys. Commun., 180, 1941, (2009)
[67]	Nadolsky, PM, Theory of \(W\) and \(Z\) boson production, AIP Conf. Proc., 753, 158, (2005)
[68]	Baur, U., Precision calculations for future colliders, Int. J. Mod. Phys., E 17, 826, (2008)
[69]	Skands, PZ, QCD (and) event generators, AIP Conf. Proc., 792, 73, (2005)
[70]	Kosower, DA, QCD at the dawn of the LHC era, AIP Conf. Proc., 842, 189, (2006)
[71]	Cao, Q-H; Yuan, CP, Combined effect of QCD resummation and QED radiative correction to W boson observables at the tevatron, Phys. Rev. Lett., 93, 042001, (2004)
[72]	Jadach, S.; Skrzypek, M.; Stephens, P.; Was, Z.; Placzek, W., Towards new Monte Carlo (QCD + EW) for \(W\)/\(Z\) production at LHC, Acta Phys. Polon., B 38, 2305, (2007)
[73]	Frixione, S.; Mangano, ML, How accurately can we measure the \(W\) cross section?, JHEP, 05, 056, (2004)
[74]	Z.J. Ajaltouni et al., Proceedings of the workshop: HERA and the LHC workshop series on the implications of HERA for LHC physics, arXiv:0903.3861 [SPIRES].
[75]	S. Alekhin et al., HERA and the LHC - A workshop on the implications of HERA for LHC physics: Proceedings Part A, hep-ph/0601012 [SPIRES].
[76]	Thorne, RS; Martin, AD; Roberts, RG; Stirling, WJ, Recent progress in parton distributions and implications for LHC physics, AIP Conf. Proc., 792, 365, (2005)
[77]	M.R. Whalley, D. Bourilkov and R.C. Group, The les houches accord PDFs (LHAPDF) and Lhaglue, hep-ph/0508110 [SPIRES].
[78]	Martin, AD; Roberts, RG; Stirling, WJ; Thorne, RS, Uncertainties of predictions from parton distributions. 1: experimental errors, Eur. Phys. J., C 28, 455, (2003)
[79]	Pumplin, J.; etal., New generation of parton distributions with uncertainties from global QCD analysis, JHEP, 07, 012, (2002)
[80]	Stump, D.; etal., Inclusive jet production, parton distributions and the search for new physics, JHEP, 10, 046, (2003)
[81]	A. Tricoli, A.M. Cooper-Sarkar and C. Gwenlan, Uncertainties on W and Z production at the LHC, hep-ex/0509002 [SPIRES].
[82]	Martin, AD; Roberts, RG; Stirling, WJ; Thorne, RS, Uncertainties of predictions from parton distributions. II: theoretical errors, Eur. Phys. J., C 35, 325, (2004)
[83]	Huston, J.; Pumplin, J.; Stump, D.; Tung, WK, Stability of NLO global analysis and implications for hadron collider physics, JHEP, 06, 080, (2005)
[84]	Martin, AD; Roberts, RG; Stirling, WJ; Thorne, RS, Parton distributions incorporating QED contributions, Eur. Phys. J., C 39, 155, (2005)
[85]	Roth, M.; Weinzierl, S., QED corrections to the evolution of parton distributions, Phys. Lett., B 590, 190, (2004)
[86]	Spiesberger, H., QED radiative corrections for parton distributions, Phys. Rev., D 52, 4936, (1995)
[87]	Kripfganz, J.; Perlt, H., Electroweak radiative corrections and quark mass singularities, Z. Phys., C 41, 319, (1988)
[88]	Martin, AD; Stirling, WJ; Thorne, RS; Watt, G., Parton distributions for the LHC, Eur. Phys. J., C 63, 189, (2009)
[89]	Nadolsky, PM; etal., Implications of CTEQ global analysis for collider observables, Phys. Rev., D 78, 013004, (2008)
[90]	R.S. Thorne, A.D. Martin, W.J. Stirling and G. Watt, Status of MRST/MSTW PDF sets, arXiv:0907.2387 [SPIRES].
[91]	G. Corcella et al., HERWIG 6.5 release note, hep-ph/0210213 [SPIRES].
[92]	Sjöstrand, T.; etal., High-energy physics event generation with PYTHIA 6.1, Comput. Phys. Commun., 135, 238, (2001)
[93]	Kuhn, R.; Krauss, F.; Ivanyi, B.; Soff, G., APACIC++ 1.0: A parton cascade in C++, Comput. Phys. Commun., 134, 223, (2001)
[94]	Krauss, F.; Schalicke, A.; Soff, G., APACIC++ 2.0: A parton cascade in C++, Comput. Phys. Commun., 174, 876, (2006)
[95]	Gieseke, S.; Stephens, P.; Webber, B., New formalism for QCD parton showers, JHEP, 12, 045, (2003)
[96]	Sjöstrand, T.; Skands, PZ, Transverse-momentum-ordered showers and interleaved multiple interactions, Eur. Phys. J., C 39, 129, (2005)
[97]	Sjöstrand, T.; Mrenna, S.; Skands, P., A brief introduction to PYTHIA 8.1, Comput. Phys. Commun., 178, 852, (2008)
[98]	Caravaglios, F.; Moretti, M., An algorithm to compute Born scattering amplitudes without Feynman graphs, Phys. Lett., B 358, 332, (1995)
[99]	Caravaglios, F.; Mangano, ML; Moretti, M.; Pittau, R., A new approach to multi-jet calculations in hadron collisions, Nucl. Phys., B 539, 215, (1999)
[100]	Catani, S.; Krauss, F.; Kuhn, R.; Webber, BR, QCD matrix elements + parton showers, JHEP, 11, 063, (2001)
[101]	Lönnblad, L., Correcting the colour-dipole cascade model with fixed order matrix elements, JHEP, 05, 046, (2002)
[102]	M. Mangano, The so-called MLM prescription for ME/PS matching, talk given at the Fermilab ME/MC Tuning Workshop, October (2004).
[103]	Mrenna, S.; Richardson, P., Matching matrix elements and parton showers with HERWIG and PYTHIA, JHEP, 05, 040, (2004)
[104]	Mangano, ML; Moretti, M.; Piccinini, F.; Treccani, M., Matching matrix elements and shower evolution for top- quark production in hadronic collisions, JHEP, 01, 013, (2007)
[105]	S. Hoche et al., Matching parton showers and matrix elements, hep-ph/0602031 [SPIRES].
[106]	Alwall, J.; etal., Comparative study of various algorithms for the merging of parton showers and matrix elements in hadronic collisions, Eur. Phys. J., C 53, 473, (2008)
[107]	Collins, JC; Soper, DE; Sterman, G., Transverse momentum distribution in Drell-Yan pair and \(W\) and \(Z\) boson production, Nucl. Phys., B 250, 199, (1985)
[108]	Diener, KPO; Dittmaier, S.; Hollik, W., Electroweak higher-order effects and theoretical uncertainties in deep-inelastic neutrino scattering, Phys. Rev., D 72, 093002, (2005)
[109]	Hollik, W.; Kasprzik, T.; Kniehl, BA, Electroweak corrections to \(W\)-boson hadroproduction at finite transverse momentum, Nucl. Phys., B 790, 138, (2008)
[110]	Kuhn, JH; Kulesza, A.; Pozzorini, S.; Schulze, M., Electroweak corrections to hadronic production of W bosons at large transverse momenta, Nucl. Phys., B 797, 27, (2008)
[111]	Kuhn, JH; Kulesza, A.; Pozzorini, S.; Schulze, M., Electroweak corrections to large transverse momentum production of W bosons at the LHC, Phys. Lett., B 651, 160, (2007)
[112]	Denner, A.; Dittmaier, S.; Kasprzik, T.; Muck, A., Electroweak corrections to \(W\) + jet hadroproduction including leptonic \(W\)-boson decays, JHEP, 08, 075, (2009)
[113]	Maina, E.; Moretti, S.; Ross, DA, One-loop weak corrections to γ/Z hadro-production at finite transverse momentum, Phys. Lett., B 593, 143, (2004)
[114]	P.M. Nadolsky and Z. Sullivan, PDF uncertainties in W H production at Tevatron, hep-ph/0110378 [SPIRES].
[115]	Catani, S.; Webber, BR, Infrared safe but infinite: soft gluon divergences inside the physical region, JHEP, 10, 005, (1997)
[116]	Baur, U., Weak boson emission in hadron collider processes, Phys. Rev., D 75, 013005, (2007)
[117]	Denner, A.; Jantzen, B.; Pozzorini, S., Two-loop electroweak next-to-leading logarithmic corrections to massless fermionic processes, Nucl. Phys., B 761, 1, (2007)
[118]	Jantzen, B.; Kuhn, JH; Penin, AA; Smirnov, VA, Two-loop electroweak logarithms in four-fermion processes at high energy, Nucl. Phys., B 731, 188, (2005)
[119]	Jantzen, B.; Kuhn, JH; Penin, AA; Smirnov, VA, Two-loop electroweak logarithms, Phys. Rev., D 72, 051301, (2005)
[120]	F.E. Paige and S.D. Protopopescu, in Physics of the SSC, R. Donaldson and J. Marx eds., Snowmass, Colorado U.S.A. (1986).
[121]	F. Ambroglini et al., Physics and simulations at the LHC PART I, proceedings of the Workshop on Monte Carlo’s, arXiv:0902.0293 [SPIRES].
[122]	F. Ambroglini et al., Physics and simulations at the LHC PART II, proceedings of the Workshop on Monte Carlo’s, arXiv:0902.0180 [SPIRES].