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Krull dimension and regularity of binomial edge ideals of block graphs. (English) Zbl 1444.13029
Let $$K$$ be a field, $$S=K[x_i,y_j]_{1\leq i,j\leq n}$$ and $$G$$ be a simple undirected graph with vertex set $$[n]$$. The ideal $$J_G$$ of $$S$$ generated by all $$x_iy_j-x_jy_i$$ such that $$i< j$$ and $$\{i,j\}$$ is an edge of $$G$$ is called the binomial edge ideal of $$G$$. Also a block graph means a graph, in which, all blocks are cliques. In this paper, the authors present linear time algorithms for computing the Krull dimension and the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of $$S/J_G$$, when $$G$$ is a block graph. They also give a lower bound on the regularity of binomial edge ideals of block graphs.
For finding the Krull dimension of $$S/J_G$$, they use a result of the paper [J. Herzog et al., Adv. Appl. Math. 45, No. 3, 317–333 (2010; Zbl 1196.13018)] which characterizes minimal prime ideals of $$J_G$$. Here the authors present an algorithm to find a minimal prime ideal of $$J_G$$ with the minimum possible height with just one traverse of $$G$$.
To study the regularity of $$S/J_G$$, the authors introduce flower graphs. They call a graph a flower graph, when it is obtained by unifying a vertex $$v$$ of some disjoint copies of a triangle and some disjoint copies of $$K_{1,3}$$, where $$v$$ must have degree 1 in each copy of $$K_{1,3}$$ and the total number of copies of the triangle and $$K_{1,3}$$ must be at least 3. They find extremal Betti numbers of $$S/J_G$$ and state a formula for the regularity of $$S/J_G$$ when $$G$$ is a flower graph. Also if $$G$$ is a block graph which is flower-free, that is, $$G$$ has no induced subgraph which is a flower graph, a formula for the regularity of $$S/J_G$$ is presented. Moreover, they use the results on flower graphs to state a lower bound on the regularity of $$S/J_G$$ for general block graphs. Finally, they present and prove the correctness of an algorithm which computes the regularity of $$S/J_G$$, by successively deleting certain flower graphs from $$G$$ and summing up the regularities of the remained connected components which are flower-free graphs.

##### MSC:
 13F65 Commutative rings defined by binomial ideals, toric rings, etc. 05C25 Graphs and abstract algebra (groups, rings, fields, etc.) 13P99 Computational aspects and applications of commutative rings 13D02 Syzygies, resolutions, complexes and commutative rings
CoCoA; Macaulay2
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