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The Cauchy problem and stability of solitary-wave solutions for RLW–KP-type equations. (English) Zbl 1023.35085
Summary: The Kadomtsev Petviashvilli (KP) equation, $(u_t+u_x+ uu_x+u_{xxx})_x +\varepsilon u_{yy}=0, \tag{1}$ arises in various contexts where nonlinear dispersive waves propagate principally along the $$x$$-axis, but with weak dispersive effects being felt in the direction parallel to the $$y$$-axis perpendicular to the main direction of propagation. We propose and analyze here a class of evolution equations of the form $(u_t+u_x+ u^pu_x+Lu_t)_x+ \varepsilon u_{yy}=0, \tag{2}$ which provides an alternative to (1) in the same way the regularized long-wave equation is related to the classical Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation. The operator $$L$$ is a pseudo-differential operator in the $$x$$-variable, $$p\geq 1$$ is an integer and $$\varepsilon=\pm 1$$.
After discussing the underlying motivation for the class (2), a local well-posedness theory for the initial-value problem is developed. With assumptions on $$L$$ and $$p$$ that include conditions pertaining to models of interesting physical phenomenon, the solutions defined locally in time $$t$$ are shown to be smoothly extendable to the entire time-axis. In the particularly interesting case where $$L=-\partial^2_x$$ and $$\varepsilon=-1$$, (1) possesses travelling-wave solutions $$u(x,y,t)= \varphi_c(x-ct,y)$$ provided $$c<1$$ and $$0<p<4$$. It is shown here that these solitary waves are stable for $$0<p< {4\over 3}$$ and $$c>1$$ and for $${4\over 3}<p< 4$$ if $$c>(4p)/(4+p)$$.
The paper concludes with commentary on extensions of the present theory to more than two space dimensions.

MSC:
 35Q53 KdV equations (Korteweg-de Vries equations) 37K45 Stability problems for infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems 76B25 Solitary waves for incompressible inviscid fluids
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