Archimedes life works and machines. (English) Zbl 1203.01004

Chondros, Thomas G.

Mech. Mach. Theory 45, No. 11, 1766-1775 (2010).

Summary: Archimedes (ca. 287-212 BC) was born in Syracuse, in the Greek colony of Sicily. He studied mathematics probably at the Museum in Alexandria and made important contributions to the field of mathematics. Archimedes discovered fundamental theorems concerning the centre of gravity of plane geometric shapes and solids. He is the founder of statics and of hydrostatics. Archimedes was both a great engineer and a great inventor, his machines fascinated subsequent writers, and he earned the honorary title “father of experimental science”. Archimedes systematized the design of simple machines and the study of their functions and developed a rigorous theory of levers and the kinematics of the screw. His works contain a set of concrete principles upon which mechanics and engineering could be developed as a science using mathematics and reason.

MSC:

01A20	History of Greek and Roman mathematics
01A70	Biographies, obituaries, personalia, bibliographies
70-03	History of mechanics of particles and systems
70B15	Kinematics of mechanisms and robots

Keywords:

Archimedes; works; machines; mechanics

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