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Charged pion condensation phenomenon of dense baryonic matter induced by finite volume: the njl\(_2\) model consideration. (English) Zbl 1260.81315

Summary: The properties of two-flavored massless Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model in \((1+1)\)-dimensional \(R^1 \times S^1\) space-time with compactified space coordinate are investigated in the presence of isospin and quark number chemical potentials \(\mu_I\), \(\mu\). The consideration is performed in the large \(N_c\) limit, where \(N_c\) is the number of colored quarks. It is shown that at \(L =\infty\) (\(L\) is the length of the circumference \(S^1\)) the charged pion condensation (PC) phase with zero quark number density is realized at arbitrary nonzero \(\mu_I\) and for rather small values of \(\mu\). However, at arbitrary finite values of \(L\) the phase portrait of the model contains the charged PC phase with nonzero quark number density (in the case of periodic boundary conditions for quark fields). Hence, finite sizes of the system can serve as a factor promoting the appearance of the charged PC phase in quark matter with nonzero baryon densities. In contrast, the phase with chiral symmetry breaking may exist only at rather large values of \(L\).

MSC:

81V35 Nuclear physics
81V05 Strong interaction, including quantum chromodynamics
81R40 Symmetry breaking in quantum theory
81U35 Inelastic and multichannel quantum scattering
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