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Foundations of the calculus of variations in generalized function algebras. (English) Zbl 1146.49021

Summary: We propose the use of algebras of generalized functions for the analysis of certain highly singular problems in the calculus of variations. After a general study of extremal problems on open subsets of Euclidean space in this setting we introduce the first and second variation of a variational problem. We then derive necessary (Euler-Lagrange equations) and sufficient conditions for extremals. The concept of association is used to obtain connections to a distributional description of singular variational problems. We study variational symmetries and derive an appropriate version of Nöther’s theorem. Finally, a number of applications to geometry, mechanics, elastostatics and elastodynamics are presented.

MSC:

49K27 Optimality conditions for problems in abstract spaces
49J27 Existence theories for problems in abstract spaces
46F30 Generalized functions for nonlinear analysis (Rosinger, Colombeau, nonstandard, etc.)
37K05 Hamiltonian structures, symmetries, variational principles, conservation laws (MSC2010)
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