Social behavior-induced multistability in minimal competitive ecosystems. (English) Zbl 1397.92760

Melchionda, D.; Pastacaldi, E.; Perri, C.; Banerjee, M.; Venturino, E.

J. Theor. Biol. 439, 24-38 (2018).

Summary: Mimimal models of coordinated behavior of populations living in the same environment are introduced for the cases when they either both gain by mutual interactions, or one hunts the other one, or finally when they compete with each other. The equilibria of the systems are analysed, showing that in some cases the populations may both disappear. Coexistence leads to global asymptotic stability for symbiotic populations, or to Hopf bifurcations for predator-prey systems. Finally, a new very interesting phenomenon is discovered in the competition case: tristability may be achieved showing that the principle of competitive exclusion fails in this case. Indeed either one of the competing populations may thrive, but also the case of populations coexistence is allowed, for the same set of parameter values.

MSC:

92D50	Animal behavior
92D25	Population dynamics (general)
92D40	Ecology

Keywords:

predator-prey; symbiosis; competitive exclusion; group gathering; tristability; ecosystems

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