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Johann Heinrich Lambert’s scientific tool kit, exemplified by his measurement of humidity, 1769-1772. (English) Zbl 1191.01008

J. H. Lambert (1728–1777) is an intriguing figure in 18th century science known for his multifaceted activity covering mathematics, optics, cosmology, geodesy and meteorology where he, for instance, designed a hygrometer. In his fundamental philosophical opuses “Neues Organon” and “Anlage zur Architectonic” he developed a detailed theory of science and experiments using a mathematical approach. He was also one of the first scientists to use graphs to represent and analyze the experimental data. The author uses Lambert’s hygrometric studies to demonstrate in details his arguments.

MSC:

01A50 History of mathematics in the 18th century
01A85 Historiography

Biographic References:

Lambert, Johann Heinrich

Software:

ORGANON
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Full Text: DOI

References:

[1] Bullynck, Journal Electronique d’Histoire des Probabilités et de la Statistique/Electronic Journal for History of Probability and Statistics 4 (2008)
[2] Feldman, The Quantifying Spirit in the Eighteenth Century pp 145– (1990)
[3] Feldman, Historical studies in the physical sciences 15 pp 127– (1985) · doi:10.2307/27757551
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[5] Bopp, Abhandlungen der Königlich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathmematisch-physikalische Klasse 27 pp 1– (1916)
[6] DOI: 10.1098/rspa.1948.0037 · doi:10.1098/rspa.1948.0037
[7] Berka, Organon 9 pp 231– (1973)
[8] DOI: 10.2307/2683467 · Zbl 0371.62006 · doi:10.2307/2683467
[9] Basso, Filosofia e geometria. Lambert interprete di Euclide (1999) · Zbl 1026.01008
[10] Lambert, Anlage zur Architectonic, oder Theorie des Ersten und des Einfachen in der philosophischen und mathematischen Erkenntniß (1771)
[11] Lambert, Beyträge zum Gebrauche der Mathematik und deren Anwendung pp 424– (1765)
[12] Lambert, Neues Organon oder Gedanken über die Erforschung und Bezeichnung des Wahren und dessen Unterscheidung vom Irrtum und Schein (1764)
[13] Lambert, Acta Helvetica 2 pp 172– (1755)
[14] Kokott, Astronomie von Olbers bis Schwarzschild pp 142– (2002)
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[16] Pater, Petrus van Musschenbroek [1692–1761], een newtoniaans natuuronderzoeker (1979)
[17] Murhard, Die wichtigsten Lehren der Physik historisch bearbeitet (1798)
[18] Moore, Automata Studies pp 129– (1956)
[19] Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690) · doi:10.1093/oseo/instance.00018020
[20] Lambert, Logische und philosophische Abhandlungen (1782)
[21] Lambert, Deutscher gelehrter Briefwechsel (1781)
[22] Hoffmann, Unter Beobachtung: Naturforschung in der Zeit der Sinnesapparate (2006)
[23] DOI: 10.1080/00033797900200221 · doi:10.1080/00033797900200221
[24] DOI: 10.1016/0315-0860(78)90133-7 · Zbl 0376.01009 · doi:10.1016/0315-0860(78)90133-7
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[27] Ungeheuer, Kommunikationstheoretische Schriften II: Symbolische Erkenntnis und Kommunikation (1990)
[28] DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-34720-0 · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-34720-0
[29] DOI: 10.1093/0195171276.001.0001 · doi:10.1093/0195171276.001.0001
[30] DOI: 10.1017/S0007087400014229 · doi:10.1017/S0007087400014229
[31] Geurts, Historische weerkundige waarnemingen, Deel I (1983)
[32] Foucault, Les mots et les choses (1966)
[33] DOI: 10.1016/j.hm.2008.09.004 · Zbl 1176.01002 · doi:10.1016/j.hm.2008.09.004
[34] DOI: 10.1007/BF00357218 · Zbl 0263.01017 · doi:10.1007/BF00357218
[35] DOI: 10.1007/BF00357217 · Zbl 0236.01004 · doi:10.1007/BF00357217
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