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Gravitational duality, branes and charges. (English) Zbl 0934.83047

Summary: It is argued that \(D=10\) type II strings and M-theory in \(D=11\) have \(D-5\) branes and 9-branes that are not standard \(p\)-branes coupled to anti-symmetric tensors. The global charges in a \(D\)-dimensional theory of gravity consist of a momentum \(P_M\) and a dual \(D-5\) form charge \(K_{M_1\cdots M_{D-5}}\), which is related to the NUT charge. On dimensional reduction, \(P\) gives the electric charge and \(K\) the magnetic charge of the graviphoton. The charge \(K\) is constructed and shown to occur in the superalgebra and BPS bounds in \(D\geq 5\), and leads to a NUT-charge modification of the BPS bound in \(D=4\). \(K\) is carried by Kaluza-Klein monopoles, which can be regarded as \(D-5\) branes. Supersymmetry and U-duality imply that the type IIB theory has \((p,q)\) 9-branes. Orientifolding with 32 (0,1) 9-branes gives the type I string, while modding out by a related discrete symmetry with 32 (1,0) 9-branes gives the SO(32) heterotic string. Symmetry enhancement, the effective world-volume theories and the possibility of a twelve-dimensional origin are discussed.

MSC:

83E30 String and superstring theories in gravitational theory
81T30 String and superstring theories; other extended objects (e.g., branes) in quantum field theory
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