Serpent swMATH ID: 21989 Software Authors: Ross Anderson, Eli Biham, Lars Knudsen Description: Serpent is a 128-bit block cipher designed by Ross Anderson, Eli Biham and Lars Knudsen as a candidate for the Advanced Encryption Standard. It was a finalist in the AES competition. The winner, Rijndael, got 86 votes at the last AES conference while Serpent got 59 votes, Twofish 31 votes, RC6 23 votes and MARS 13 votes. So NIST’s choice of Rijndael as the AES was not surprising, and we had to content ourselves with silver in the ‘encryption olympics’. Serpent and Rijndael are somewhat similar; the main difference is that Rijndael is faster (having fewer rounds) but Serpent is more secure. We designed Serpent to provide users with the highest practical level of assurance that no shortcut attack will be found. To achieve this, we limited ourselves to well understood mechanisms, so that we could rely on the existing experience of block cipher cryptanalysis. We also used twice as many rounds as are sufficient to block all currently known shortcut attacks. We believed this to be prudent practice for a cipher that might have a service life of a century or more. Despite these exacting design constraints, Serpent is much faster than DES. Its design supports a very efficient bitslice implementation, and the fastest version at the time of the competition ran at over 45 Mbit/sec on a 200MHz Pentium (compared with about 15 Mbit/sec for DES). Homepage: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/serpent.html Related Software: PRESENT; Camellia; ICEBERG; Square; NOEKEON; Keccak; MISTY; Twofish; SIMON; SAFER; PRINTcipher; TEA; SKINNY; SPECK; KTANTAN; PICARO; Magma; PRINCE; CLEFIA; Whirlpool Cited in: 54 Publications all top 5 Cited by 115 Authors 8 Sala, Massimiliano 6 Calderini, Marco 5 Aragona, Riccardo 3 Leander, Gregor 3 Lin, Dongdai 3 Nyberg, Kaisa 2 Beierle, Christof 2 Biryukov, Alex 2 Blondeau, Celine 2 Caranti, Andrea 2 Chen, Xi 2 Civino, Roberto 2 Dalla Volta, Francesca 2 Lai, Xuejia 2 Qu, Longjiang 2 Saarinen, Markku-Juhani Olavi 2 Shamir, Adi 2 Standaert, Francois-Xavier 2 Todo, Yosuke 1 Adams, Carlisle M. 1 Akcengiz, Ziya 1 Anderson, Ross J. 1 Bafghi, Abbas Ghaemi 1 Banik, Subhadeep 1 Belov, Sergei A. 1 Biham, Eli 1 Braeken, An 1 Broll, Marek 1 Brunetta, Carlo 1 Canale, Federico 1 Canteaut, Anne 1 Carlet, Claude 1 Castiglione, Aniello 1 Castiglione, Arcangelo 1 Cho, Joo Yeon 1 Daemen, Joan 1 Damaj, Issam W. 1 David, Nicolas 1 De Cannière, Christophe 1 De Santis, Alfredo 1 Doğanaksoy, Ali 1 Dong, Xiaoyang 1 Dunkelman, Orr 1 Duval, Sébastien 1 Eddahmani, Said 1 Esmaeili Salehani, Yaser 1 Fiore, Ugo 1 Flórez-Gutiérrez, Antonio 1 Fontanari, Claudio 1 Fu, Shaojing 1 Gershenfeld, Neil A. 1 Gong, Guang 1 Gorissen, Paul 1 Goudarzi, Dahmun 1 Guo, Chun 1 Hermelin, Miia 1 Hollmann, Hendrik Dirk Lodewijk 1 Huang, Jialin 1 Huang, Zhenyu 1 Indesteege, Sebastiaan 1 Jangid, Bharat Lal 1 Jókay, Matúš 1 Kant, Shri 1 Keller, Nathan 1 Kircanski, Aleksandar 1 Knudsen, Lars Ramkilde 1 Kranz, Thorsten 1 Kumar Asthana, Rajesh 1 Kumar Pandey, Sumit 1 Lee, Jungkeun 1 Leurent, Gaëtan 1 Li, Chao 1 Liu, MeiCheng 1 Lu, Jiqiang 1 Lu, Xiaojuan 1 Maccauro, Daniele 1 Meneghetti, Alessio 1 Mesnager, Sihem 1 Michiels, Wil 1 Naya-Plasencia, María 1 Osvik, Dag Arne 1 Palmieri, Francesco A. N. 1 Park, Sangwoo 1 Peyrin, Thomas 1 Piret, Gilles 1 Preneel, Bart 1 Pulice, Valentina 1 Qin, Lingyue 1 Quisquater, Jean-Jacques 1 Rijmen, Vincent 1 Rimoldi, Anna 1 Rivain, Matthieu 1 Röck, Andrea 1 Roelse, Peter L. A. 1 Sadeghiyan, Babak 1 Safabakhsh, Reza 1 Sasaki, Yu 1 Şeker, Okan 1 Sim, Siang Meng 1 Sulak, Fatih ...and 15 more Authors all top 5 Cited in 17 Serials 7 Designs, Codes and Cryptography 4 Journal of Cryptology 4 Cryptography and Communications 3 Applicable Algebra in Engineering, Communication and Computing 3 Finite Fields and their Applications 3 Advances in Mathematics of Communications 1 Discrete Applied Mathematics 1 Discrete Mathematics 1 Information Sciences 1 Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 1 Journal of Computer and System Sciences 1 Theoretical Computer Science 1 International Journal of Parallel Programming 1 Mathematical Problems in Engineering 1 Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences & Cryptography 1 Journal of Algebra and its Applications 1 Prikladnaya Diskretnaya Matematika all top 5 Cited in 9 Fields 53 Information and communication theory, circuits (94-XX) 8 Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures (06-XX) 7 Group theory and generalizations (20-XX) 7 Computer science (68-XX) 5 Number theory (11-XX) 1 Combinatorics (05-XX) 1 Field theory and polynomials (12-XX) 1 Algebraic geometry (14-XX) 1 Partial differential equations (35-XX) Citations by Year