Picture swMATH ID: 26705 Software Authors: Tejas D Kulkarni; Pushmeet Kohli; Joshua B Tenenbaum; Vikash Mansinghka Description: Picture: A probabilistic programming language for scene perception. Recent progress on probabilistic modeling and statistical learning, coupled with the availability of large training datasets, has led to remarkable progress in computer vision. Generative probabilistic models, or “analysis-by-synthesis” approaches, can capture rich scene structure but have been less widely applied than their discriminative counterparts, as they often require considerable problem-specific engineering in modeling and inference, and inference is typically seen as requiring slow, hypothesize-and-test Monte Carlo methods. Here we present Picture, a probabilistic programming language for scene understanding that allows researchers to express complex generative vision models, while automatically solving them using fast general-purpose inference machinery. Picture provides a stochastic scene language that can express generative models for arbitrary 2D/3D scenes, as well as a hierarchy of representation layers for comparing scene hypotheses with observed images by matching not simply pixels, but also more abstract features (e.g., contours, deep neural network activations). Inference can flexibly integrate advanced Monte Carlo strategies with fast bottom-up data-driven methods. Thus both representations and inference strategies can build directly on progress in discriminatively trained systems to make generative vision more robust and efficient. We use Picture to write programs for 3D face analysis, 3D human pose estimation, and 3D object reconstruction - each competitive with specially engineered baselines. Homepage: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7299068 Source Code: https://github.com/mrkulk/MIT-Picture Related Software: RMSprop; Tangent; NUTS; OptNet; AlexNet; Stan Math; BinaryConnect; ADVI; SLANG; PROSE; ProbTorch; Chainer; OpenDR; SN; Lush; Adam; AdaGrad; Edward; ImageNet; CNTK Cited in: 1 Publication Cited by 4 Authors 1 Baydin, Atılım Güneş 1 Pearlmutter, Barak A. 1 Radul, Alexey Andreyevich 1 Siskind, Jeffrey Mark Cited in 1 Serial 1 Journal of Machine Learning Research (JMLR) Cited in 1 Field 1 Numerical analysis (65-XX) Citations by Year