Uchuu Simulations swMATH ID: 44406 Software Authors: Tomoaki Ishiyama, Francisco Prada, Anatoly A. Klypin, Manodeep Sinha, R. Benton Metcalf, Eric Jullo, Bruno Altieri, Sofía A. Cora, Darren Croton, Sylvain de la Torre, David E. Millán-Calero, Taira Oogi, José Ruedas, Cristian A. Vega-Martínez Description: The Uchuu Simulations: Data Release 1 and Dark Matter Halo Concentrations. We introduce the Uchuu suite of large high-resolution cosmological N-body simulations. The largest simulation, named Uchuu, consists of 2.1 trillion (128003) dark matter particles in a box of side-length 2.0 Gpc/h, with particle mass 3.27×108 Msun/h. The highest resolution simulation, Shin-Uchuu, consists of 262 billion (64003) particles in a box of side-length 140 Mpc/h, with particle mass 8.97×105 Msun/h. Combining these simulations we can follow the evolution of dark matter halos and subhalos spanning those hosting dwarf galaxies to massive galaxy clusters across an unprecedented volume. In this first paper, we present basic statistics, dark matter power spectra, and the halo and subhalo mass functions, which demonstrate the wide dynamic range and superb statistics of the Uchuu suite. From an analysis of the evolution of the power spectra we conclude that our simulations remain accurate from the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation scale down to the very small. We also provide parameters of a mass-concentration model, which describes the evolution of halo concentration and reproduces our simulation data to within 5 per cent for halos with masses spanning nearly eight orders of magnitude at redshift 0<z<14. There is an upturn in the mass-concentration relation for the population of all halos and of relaxed halos at z>0.5, whereas no upturn is detected at z<0.5. We make publicly available various N-body products as part of Uchuu Data Release 1 on the Skies & Universes site. Future releases will include gravitational lensing maps and mock galaxy, X-ray cluster, and active galactic nuclei catalogues. Homepage: https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.14720 Source Code: https://github.com/uchuuproject Keywords: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics; arXiv_astro-ph.CO; Astrophysics of Galaxies; arXiv_astro-ph.GA Related Software: Abacus Cosmos; AEMULUS; L-PICOLA; GADGET; Pylians3; PINOCCHIO; COLA; Quijote; PKDGRAV3; HACC; BACCO; CARPool; 2HOT; GreeM; TreePM; Python; CLASS; gevolution Cited in: 1 Document all top 5 Cited by 6 Authors 1 Bellini, Emilio 1 Brando, Guilherme 1 Koyama, Kazuya 1 Sawicki, Ignacy 1 Wands, David 1 Zumalacárregui, Miguel Cited in 1 Serial 1 Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics all top 5 Cited in 6 Fields 1 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 1 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 1 Mechanics of particles and systems (70-XX) 1 Fluid mechanics (76-XX) 1 Quantum theory (81-XX) 1 Relativity and gravitational theory (83-XX) Citations by Year