LINE swMATH ID: 44773 Software Authors: J. Tang, M. Qu, M. Wang, M. Zhang, J. Yan, Q. Mei Description: LINE: Large-scale Information Network Embedding. This paper studies the problem of embedding very large information networks into low-dimensional vector spaces, which is useful in many tasks such as visualization, node classification, and link prediction. Most existing graph embedding methods do not scale for real world information networks which usually contain millions of nodes. In this paper, we propose a novel network embedding method called the “LINE,” which is suitable for arbitrary types of information networks: undirected, directed, and/or weighted. The method optimizes a carefully designed objective function that preserves both the local and global network structures. An edge-sampling algorithm is proposed that addresses the limitation of the classical stochastic gradient descent and improves both the effectiveness and the efficiency of the inference. Empirical experiments prove the effectiveness of the LINE on a variety of real-world information networks, including language networks, social networks, and citation networks. The algorithm is very efficient, which is able to learn the embedding of a network with millions of vertices and billions of edges in a few hours on a typical single machine. The source code of the LINE is available online https://github.com/tangjianpku/LINE Homepage: https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2736277.2741093 Source Code: https://github.com/tangjianpku/LINE Related Software: node2vec; DeepWalk; word2vec; GraRep; t-SNE; struc2vec; metapath2vec; Walklets; Adam; LIBLINEAR; PRMLT; PTE; ArnetMiner; PyTorch; GitHub; SimRank; ImageNet; darch; Scikit; AS 136 Cited in: 58 Documents all top 5 Cited by 222 Authors 3 Gong, Maoguo 3 Xie, Yu 2 Gong, Zhiguo 2 Lavrač, Nada 2 Shao, Junming 2 Škrlj, Blaž 2 Tang, Zedong 2 Yang, Qinli 2 Zhang, Kunpeng 2 Zhu, Xingquan 1 Amancio, Diego R. 1 Ananyeva, Marina 1 Auber, David 1 Balzano, Laura 1 Biswas, Bhaskar 1 Böhm, Christian 1 Bourqui, Romain 1 Brajović, Miloš 1 Ceci, Michelangelo 1 Chen, C. L. Philip 1 Chen, Haoran 1 Chen, Jie 1 Chen, Jie 1 Chen, Junyang 1 Chen, Xue 1 Chen, Yiqi 1 Chunaev, Petr 1 Comin, César Henrique 1 Constantinides, Anthony G. 1 Cui, Beilei 1 Cui, Lin 1 Daković, Miloš 1 Deng, Sucheng 1 Domeniconi, Carlotta 1 Dong, Junyu 1 Dong, Qiang 1 Duan, Zhen 1 Fan, Xiaolong 1 Fan, Ying 1 Feng, Jingyu 1 Fung, Gabriel Pui Cheong 1 Gao, Chongming 1 Giot, Romain 1 Giovannangeli, Loann 1 Granitzer, Michael 1 Gu, Jiaqi 1 Guo, Chenchen 1 Guo, Xiaoyang 1 Hamilton, William L. 1 Han, Chao 1 Han, Xiao 1 Han, Xinyu 1 Hao, Zhifeng 1 He, Haibo 1 He, Lifang 1 He, Yu 1 Hoos, Holger H. 1 Hou, Mingliang 1 Hu, Junfeng 1 Hu, Zheng 1 Huang, Chen 1 Huang, Chenghan 1 Hui, Zhang 1 Ji, Cheng 1 Ji, Yang 1 Jiao, Pengfei 1 Jung, Jason J. 1 Kefato, Zekarias 1 Khan, Izhar Ahmed 1 Kong, Xiangjie 1 Kralj, Jan 1 Kumar, Ajay 1 Lalanne, Frederic 1 Lee, O-Joun 1 Lee, Yan-Li 1 Li, Bentian 1 Li, Jianxin 1 Li, Min 1 Li, Ming 1 Li, Rui 1 Li, Shengxi 1 Li, Xiaoming 1 Li, Yuhong 1 Li, Zheng 1 Liang, Bo 1 Liang, Jiye 1 Liang, Wenxin 1 Liang, Yao 1 Liao, Zihan 1 Lin, Yunxia 1 Liò, Pietro 1 Liu, Jianxun 1 Liu, Ruibo 1 Liu, Weiwen 1 Liu, Wenfeng 1 Liu, Xin 1 Liu, Yanbing 1 Lu, Guangyue 1 Lu, Juan 1 Lu, Xingyu ...and 122 more Authors all top 5 Cited in 25 Serials 13 Information Sciences 6 Machine Learning 6 Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery 4 Physica A 2 Physics Reports 2 Computing 2 Neural Networks 2 INFORMS Journal on Computing 2 Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2 Computer Science Review 1 Artificial Intelligence 1 Mathematical Biosciences 1 Applied Mathematics and Computation 1 Theoretical Computer Science 1 SIAM Review 1 Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision 1 The Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research (JAIR) 1 Chaos 1 Journal of Machine Learning Research (JMLR) 1 International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing 1 Foundations and Trends in Machine Learning 1 Algorithms 1 Synthesis Lectures on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning 1 Statistics and Computing 1 S\(\vec{\text{e}}\)MA Journal all top 5 Cited in 11 Fields 42 Computer science (68-XX) 17 Combinatorics (05-XX) 13 Statistics (62-XX) 11 Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences (91-XX) 5 Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX) 3 Operations research, mathematical programming (90-XX) 2 Biology and other natural sciences (92-XX) 2 Information and communication theory, circuits (94-XX) 1 Geometry (51-XX) 1 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 1 Numerical analysis (65-XX) Citations by Year